Robots developed under military-civil fusion programs in China have been taught fighting skills and used to mount assault rifles and patrol China’s border.

“Military-civil fusion” refers to a strategy in which all civilian technologies are expected to serve dual use as military technologies.

"This is Washington's strike against Beijing's 'military-civil fusion'—a strategy that compels civilian technologies to serve military purposes," Yeh told The Epoch Times.

That outcome would fit with the understanding of the scope and scale of military-civil fusion, which, according to a fact sheet published by the U.S.

State Department, China is adopting a military-civil fusion strategy to divert the world’s cutting-edge technologies, including through theft, to achieve military dominance.

Military-civil fusion is a strategy under which the Chinese regime acquires civilian technologies that also serve military purposes.

What’s more, Zeekr is tied to China’s military-civil fusion and has sold more than 1,000 sedans to the People’s Liberation Army. The U.S.

Department of War, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) employs a “Military-Civil Fusion” strategy to disguise its military development endeavours as civilian pursuits.

China’s ‘military-civil fusion’ strategy explicitly encourages companies to aid the state in acquiring foreign technology and intelligence.

Department of State warned about the Chinese Communist Party's strategy of military–civil fusion, which eliminates “barriers between China’s civilian research and commercial sectors, and its military and defense industrial sectors.”

The notice describes each of the three Chinese firms as a “military-civil fusion contributor” to the Chinese defense industrial base, a term that refers to the regime’s aggressive national strategy that integrates civil and commercial entities into military

Chinese regime's military-civil fusion strategy.

China presents a picture of scale through military-civil fusion—more than 200 times that of the United States in some metrics.

The risk stems from Beijing's state-led strategy, known as military-civil fusion, aimed at harnessing research and technology from private-sector entities and researchers to aid its military modernization, which blurs the line between civilian and military

The Strategic Tablesetting China's dual-use maritime strategy is rooted in the military-civil fusion doctrine, formalized under CCP leader Xi Jinping and elevated to a national strategy in 2015–2017.

The CCP employs a state-led strategy known as military-civil fusion, which seeks to harness research and technology from private sector entities and researchers to aid its military modernization, thus blurring the line between civilian and military sectors

Department of State, the Chinese regime’s military-civil fusion strategy eliminates “barriers between China’s civilian research and commercial sectors, and its military and defense industrial sectors.”

The Pentagon blacklisted DJI as a Chinese military company in 2022, noting that the Chinese regime requires all Chinese companies to allow it to use them as part of its military-civil fusion strategy.

State Department states on its website that China wants to become the first nation to transition to “intelligence warfare” via military-civil fusion, a strategy that includes theft to acquire advanced technologies, which include big data.

The company also said it's not a contributor to China's military-civil fusion strategy or its military modernization.

On this basis, Yuan described the institution as a dual-use civilian-military entity. China has publicly promoted civil-military integration for decades, and in 2015, Xi elevated military-civil fusion to a national strategy.

According to the Department of State, the CCP's military-civil fusion strategy eliminates "barriers between China's civilian research and commercial sectors and its military and defense industrial sectors."

The lawmakers pointed out that Unitree has also taken part in military-civil fusion programs and operates from a military-civil fusion hub in the city called Hangzhou High-Tech Zone. The U.S.

Even greenfield investments were placed under tighter scrutiny to counter Beijing’s Military-Civil Fusion strategy.

It is also deeply involved in the CCP's military-civil fusion enterprise.

John Moolenaar (R-Mich.), chair of the committee, said CATL is “a key player in China’s military-civil fusion strategy,” which poses risks to U.S. investors and the national security of the United States.

"If fully evaluated, Beijing's expenditures via military-civil fusion and dual-use technology investments prove even the much larger $711 billion figure underestimates China's military investments," the report reads.

He described defense spending as a rigid expenditure tied to regime security, deterrence in the Taiwan Strait, military–civil fusion in technology, and competition with major powers.

In other words, Friedman concluded that the Pentagon had presented enough evidence to call DJI a “military-civil fusion contributor” to China’s defense industrial base.

Right to Know cited "cyber evidence" of "PLA shadow labs at WIV," PLA involvement in the lab's construction, and "WIV personnel with possible PLA ties," alongside a separate cable that addressed Beijing's military-civil fusion policy as applied to biotech